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* Universities and colleges do 7.2 per cent more teaching and research than they get paid for, funding chiefs said this week.

The full economic cost of teaching and research is ?800 million more than the actual expenditure - meaning that, nationally, staff put in ?800 million worth of unpaid overtime each year.

The data came from the second round of the transparency review, which covered 131 institutions. Universities hope the government will meet the costs identified by the review in return for meeting government standards of transparency and accountability.